• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Storage device (4) characterized in that it consists of a phase change material capable of storing electrical energy in the form of latent heat associated with a thermal conduction and homogenization system, and heating apparatus (1) comprising a frame whose rear face (2) of the frame is adapted to be fixed to a wall of a room to be heated, the frame being connected to a radiating element forming a front (3) of the apparatus, said frame containing a core constituted by the storage device (4).
    公开号:FR3024215A1
    申请号:FR1551741
    申请日:2015-03-02
    公开日:2016-01-29
    发明作者:Alexandre Longis；Francois Pourrat；Jean-Louis Morard
    申请人:Muller et Cie SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] This invention relates to a seasonal thermoelectric storage device and to a heating device employing such a device. It also relates to a domestic heating device implementing such a storage device. The energy transition, which aims to replace fossil fuels with renewable energies and to work for better energy efficiency, has been in place for several years. However, the increasing use of intermittent electricity generation solutions, mainly wind, is a source of fragility for the balance between electricity supply and demand. Indeed, this intermittent supply is often out of step with the demand. In addition, fluctuations in production, dictated by weather hazards, are independent of consumption so that they lead to situations of overproduction of electricity during periods of low consumption. The situation is all the more exacerbated during the winter period, when strong energy demands are recorded, as well as the highest levels of intermittent wind energy production, resulting in the need for flexibility and balance between supply and demand. very high demand. In fact, the lower the temperatures, the higher the heat requirements, and the greater the amount of heat that can be stored. To deal with these problems, it has been proposed to store electricity, in various forms, including thermal. Thus, it is known to store electrical energy in the form of thermal heat. For example, it is possible to store electricity in the form of heat in storage electric heaters (also called heat accumulators) or inertia heaters in a building. However, these solutions have many disadvantages. In fact, the heat accumulators store, in an accumulator block made of high density refractory materials, the heat produced by the electric current during the off-peak hours. The heat stored in this way is restored by radiation during the day, at times of higher electric tariff, according to the needs of the users. These accumulators store energy in the form of sensible heat, by heating the block of material at very high temperature (of the order of 800 ° C) generating problems of safety, heat loss and air quality. In addition, the dynamic storage radiators, which include an accumulated heat recovery turbine, have a return flow rate which depends on the temperature of the accumulator block. However, this temperature decreases continuously, which complicates the adjustment of the temperature in the room equipped with said accumulator. Inertial radiators store, for their part, only a small amount of energy, with a short storage period (of the order of a few tens of minutes only). This time is very insufficient to consider a significant energy storage. Finally, these two technologies use storage at high or very high temperature, causing burn risks for users.
    [0002] It has been proposed to use phase change material (PCM) technology in energy storage applications, but it still has the same disadvantage, namely a poor thermal conductivity of the materials which penalize the exchanges and therefore the performance of the system. In addition, a conventional storage system with MCPs is therefore a low responsive and slow system, which implies using them in small volumes. An object of the present invention is to provide a heater employing a seasonal thermoelectric storage device free from the aforementioned drawbacks. According to the invention, this object is achieved thanks to a remarkable storage device in that it consists of a phase-change material 3024215 - 3 - (MCP) able to store the electric energy in the form of latent heat associated with a system of conduction and thermal homogenization. The device according to the invention provides several interesting advantages. In particular: 5 - to allow rapid storage and retrieval of energy; to allow a storage capacity of several hours by using a latent heat storage core to progressively restore the heat thus stored; to constitute a powerful, decentralized and inexpensive solution to the question of energy storage; - to allow the valorization of intermittent energies. According to an advantageous embodiment, the phase change material is a solid / liquid phase change material. According to one embodiment, the phase change material is an organic material, with a melting temperature of between 85 ° C and 200 ° C. According to a preferred and advantageous embodiment, the phase change material is an organic material with a melting point of about 120 ° C.
    [0003] According to an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the phase change material is a polyol. According to a preferred embodiment, the phase-change material is erythritol. According to an exemplary embodiment, the thermal conduction and homogenization system is constituted by a heat exchanger. According to an exemplary embodiment, the conduction device and thermal homogenization is constituted by diffusion fins. According to an advantageous embodiment, the thermal conduction and homogenization system is constituted by a metal foam. According to a preferred embodiment, the metal foam is an aluminum foam.
    [0004] According to an advantageous embodiment, the aluminum foam has a porosity of between 70% and 95%. According to a preferred embodiment, the aluminum foam has a porosity of 90%. According to an advantageous embodiment, the storage device according to the invention is configured to be coupled to heating production devices or to renewable energy sources. This solution makes it possible to multiply the storage points up to a domestic scale, and thus contribute to effectively smoothing peaks in electrical consumption. The invention also relates to a heating apparatus comprising a frame 15 whose rear face of the frame is adapted to be fixed to a wall of a room to be heated, the frame being connected to a radiating element forming a front of the apparatus, said frame enclosing a core constituted by a storage device comprising any of the above-mentioned features. According to an advantageous embodiment, the heater 20 comprises a movable flap for limiting or promoting the return of heat by convection. According to one embodiment, the heating apparatus is provided with at least one accumulated heat recovery turbine. According to an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the facade of the heating apparatus is made of any material having good thermal properties. According to a preferred embodiment, the front of the heater is made of glass. According to an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the heating apparatus is equipped with an electronic management and control device that makes it possible to optimize the heat requirements, and therefore the energy destocking. According to an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the heating apparatus is equipped with a communication device with the electrical network manager enabling intelligent management of the energy consumption. The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawing in which: Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a heater according to invention. Reference is made to the drawing to describe interesting examples, albeit in no way limiting, of realization of the seasonal thermoelectric storage device according to the invention, and of the domestic heating apparatus implementing such a storage device. The storage device according to the invention consists of a phase change material (PCM) capable of storing electrical energy in the form of latent heat associated with a thermal conduction and homogenization system.
    [0005] The storage device according to the invention constitutes a latent heat storage core composed of at least one phase-change material, in particular solid / liquid material. In order to have a homogeneous temperature within this core, this phase change material is associated with a thermal conduction system. The combination of these two criteria makes it possible to provide a powerful system with a high energy density. Advantageously, the phase change material is a solid / liquid phase change material. Advantageously, it is an organic material, with a melting point of between 85 ° C. and 200 ° C. Preferably, the phase-change material is an organic material, with a melting temperature of the order 120 ° C. Advantageously, the phase change material is a polyol, and preferably a polyol of natural origin. For example, the phase change material is xylitol having a melting point of about 94 ° C, or mannitol having a melting temperature of about 165 ° C, or dulcitol (galactitol). having a melting point of about 188 ° C. Preferably, the phase-change material is erythritol having a melting temperature of the order of 118 ° C. For example, the heat conduction system consists of a heat exchanger known per se, or fins of diffusion. Advantageously, the thermal conduction system is constituted by a metal foam. Preferably, it is constituted by an aluminum foam. Indeed, in addition to having very good conductivity qualities of heat and electricity, aluminum foam offers, by its honeycomb structure, a support for integrating the phase change material. This combination provides a dense and responsive energy storage device. In addition, aluminum foam is a lightweight material. It also has a low environmental impact because it can be obtained from recycled aluminum, and is itself fully recyclable. The aluminum foam has a porosity of between 70% and 95%. Optimally, it has a porosity of 90%. According to an advantageous embodiment, the storage device according to the invention is configured to be coupled to renewable energy sources, thus constituting decentralized energy storage points that can be deployed over the entire housing stock. existing up to a domestic scale, and thereby contribute to effectively smoothing peaks in electrical consumption. Indeed, the electricity passing through the medium voltage network generates very large energy losses, so that such a diffuse storage makes it possible to limit the electron transients on the medium and low voltage lines, and consequently, limit losses. According to another advantageous embodiment, the storage device according to the invention is configured to be coupled to heating production devices. Thus, it is not the electrical energy that is stored but the latter 5 is transformed into thermal energy. The storage device is intentionally not thermally insulated so that the heat losses are used to heat a room. Such a storage device has an accumulation capacity of several hours, this capacity being made possible by the use of lightweight, compact materials with a high energy density. To modulate these heat losses, the apparatus has a more or less important thermal insulation, in particular by the use of insulating materials of the mineral wool type. This device can therefore be used to heat a room from renewable energies.
    [0006] The invention also relates to a heating apparatus 1 comprising a frame whose rear face 2 of the frame is adapted to be fixed to a wall of a room to be heated, the frame being connected to a radiating element 3 forming a front of the room. apparatus, said frame enclosing a core 4 constituted by a storage device comprising any of the above-mentioned features.
    [0007] For example, the useful interior volume of the heater 1 is of the order of 40 dm 3, and is fully filled with aluminum foam and phase change materials constituting the core 4. The conduction system and Thermal homogenization of the storage core 4, for example constituted by the aluminum foam, acts as an exchanger between the radiating facade 3 of the heating apparatus and the phase-change material. The radiating facade 3 of the heating apparatus according to the invention is made of any material having good thermal properties. According to a non-limiting example, this radiant facade 3 is made of glass. The heating apparatus according to the invention is also provided, for example in the lower part, at least one turbine 5 for restitution of accumulated heat. Thus, the heat stored by the storage core 4 is progressively restored in the room equipped with the heating apparatus 1 mainly by infrared radiation, which constitutes a source of comfort for the occupants of said room, but also by convection and by forced convection, with the aid of the turbine or turbines 5. The apparatus is further provided with an air filter, for example of the HEPA type (High Efficiency Particulate Air) for filtering air from or the turbines 5. Preferably and advantageously, the heater 1 further comprises a movable flap 6 to either limit or promote the return of heat by convection, depending on the load level of the device. The amount of thermal energy restored in the room thus depends on the temperature of the core 4, as well as the position of the convective movable flap 6 and the operation or not of an additional turbine 5. Advantageously, the device The heating system comprises a management and control electronics 7 provided with a control keyboard and a control screen for controlling a set of intelligent functions such as presence detection, window opening detection, self-programming of the operating parameters, ... in order to optimize the heat requirements, and thus the energy destocking. According to an interesting feature, the heating and storage apparatus according to the invention 1 is equipped with a communication device with the electrical network manager (not shown) for intelligent management of energy consumption. Thus, during peak production, or drop in demand, the manager sends a deposit to a plurality of heating and storage devices according to the invention constituting an installation for heating a housing, indicating to them the instruction 30 to store the surplus energy. Conversely, in the event of a drop in production, due to, for example, adverse weather conditions, or an incident on the electricity grid, the network operator sends a destocking instruction for the energy stored in the devices. 1, so that they provide the heating requirements of the housing for a sufficiently long period. In other words, the devices 1 are then disconnected from the network, and use the energy stored in their core 4 to ensure the heat requirements of the housing they equip. The apparatus 1 according to the invention thus makes it possible to have a reserve of energy that can be used quickly, ensuring a function of network stability and peak erasure.
    [0008] When discharged, the storage core 4 of each heater 1 is again available for storing energy. The latent heat storage of the storage device according to the invention provides several advantageous advantages with respect to sensible heat storage. For example, it provides a heating apparatus 1 having a long temperature range of several hours from the core, thereby promoting adjustment of the blowing temperature, and hence the temperature of the workpiece. Combined with the heat conduction and homogenization system, it provides a powerful and responsive storage system. In addition, it allows for low temperature storage, guaranteeing obvious safety advantages of the heating apparatus employing such a storage device, constituting efficient and healthy systems for heating a room.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Storage device characterized in that it consists of a phase change material capable of storing electrical energy in the form of latent heat associated with a conduction system and thermal homogenization.
    [0002]
    2. Storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase change material is a solid / liquid phase change material.
    [0003]
    3. Storage device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the phase change material is an organic material, with a melting temperature of between 85 ° C and 200 ° C.
    [0004]
    4. Storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that the phase change material is an organic material, with a melting temperature of the order of 120 ° C.
    [0005]
    5. Storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the phase change material is a polyol.
    [0006]
    6. Storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the phase change material is erythritol
    [0007]
    7. Storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the conduction system and thermal homogenization is constituted by a metal foam.
    [0008]
    8. Storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that the metal foam is an aluminum foam. 3024215
    [0009]
    9. Storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that the aluminum foam has a porosity of between 70% and 95%. 5
    [0010]
    10. Storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that the aluminum foam has a porosity of 90%.
    [0011]
    11. Storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is configured to be coupled to heating production devices 10 or renewable energy sources.
    [0012]
    12. Heating apparatus (1), characterized in that it comprises a frame whose rear face (2) of the frame is adapted to be fixed to a wall of a room to be heated, the frame being connected to a radiating element forming a facade (3) 15 of the apparatus, said frame enclosing a core constituted by a storage device (4) made according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
    [0013]
    13. Heating apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises a movable flap for limiting or promoting the return of heat by convection.
    [0014]
    14. Heating apparatus according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that it is provided with at least one turbine (5) for restitution of accumulated heat. 25
    [0015]
    Heating apparatus according to one of Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the facade of the heater is made of any material having good thermal properties. 30
    [0016]
    16. Heating apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the facade of the heater is made of glass.
    [0017]
    17. Heating apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that it is equipped with a device (7) for management and electronic control 3024215 -12- optimizing the heat requirements, and therefore the destocking of energy.
    [0018]
    Heating apparatus according to one of Claims 12 to 17, characterized in that it is equipped with a communication device with the electrical network manager enabling intelligent management of the energy consumption.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    EP3172496A1|2017-05-31|
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    法律状态:
    2016-01-29| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160129 |
    2016-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-03-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-02-10| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2022-02-10| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1457129A|FR3024214A3|2014-07-23|2014-07-23|SEASONAL THERMOELECTRIC STORAGE APPARATUS|
    FR1457129|2014-07-23|
    FR1551741A|FR3024215B1|2014-07-23|2015-03-02|SEASONAL THERMOELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE AND HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYING SUCH A DEVICE|FR1551741A| FR3024215B1|2014-07-23|2015-03-02|SEASONAL THERMOELECTRIC STORAGE DEVICE AND HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYING SUCH A DEVICE|
    US15/328,053| US10203165B2|2014-07-23|2015-07-23|Device and method for storing thermal energy|
    EP15742227.0A| EP3172496A1|2014-07-23|2015-07-23|Device and method for storing thermal energy|
    PCT/EP2015/066950| WO2016012573A1|2014-07-23|2015-07-23|Device and method for storing thermal energy|
    CA2955881A| CA2955881A1|2014-07-23|2015-07-23|Device and method for storing thermal energy|
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